U.S. Particle Accelerator School
UFundamental Accelerator Theory with Simulations and Measurements course
Sponsoring University:
University of Wisconsin - Madison
Course:
Fundamental Accelerator Theory, Simulations and Measurements (undergraduate level)
Instructors:
Linda Spentzouris, IIT and Katherine Harkay, Argonne National Laboratory
This course is designed to give an introduction to accelerator physics and technology, including accelerating methods and beam dynamics. Beginning with a survey of the most common accelerator types and principle function mechanisms, we will continue to introduce particle beam dynamics. We will derive formalisms for particle beam bending and focusing from technical design features of bending magnets and quadrupoles, including the introduction of orbit, beam emittance, betatron functions and envelope, dispersion, tunes, natural chromaticity with its correction and beam stability. In electron accelerators, synchrotron radiation must be included to properly describe the dynamics of individual particles and beam. Discussion of beam interaction with accelerating fields will lead to the understanding of longitudinal motion, synchrotron oscillations and energy acceptance. Based on this beam dynamics background, the process of injection and accumulation will be discussed. An introduction to alignment and field errors will convey a feeling for tolerances and describe beam monitoring, orbit measurement and correction. We will introduce a special afternoon program to perform computer simulations of magnets with saturation, the design of a beam transport system, rf-cavities and ultra-high vacuum systems. Equipment for actual magnetic field measurements on a bending magnet, quadrupoles and undulator magnet will be made available. During computer studies the student will be able to compare simulations with results of real magnet field measurements. Other equipment allows the measurement of various quantities on an rf-cavity and comparison with theoretical and computer-simulated results. Similar exercises will be done with a beam current and position monitor as well as an introduction to the use of a lock-in amplifier. Prerequisites: a course in mechanics and electromagnetism. Textbook to be provided: "Particle Accelerator Physics I&II" by Helmut Wiedemann, Springer publishers.